Understanding Why Some Kids Fall Behind In Elementary School

Key Takeaways

Audience Spotlight: Supporting Struggling Learners

Many parents of struggling learners feel overwhelmed when their child starts to fall behind academically. The early school years are filled with change, and not every child adjusts at the same pace. Whether your child is missing homework, avoiding reading, or getting discouraged, you are not alone. This article is for support-oriented parents who want to better understand why some kids fall behind in elementary school and how to help them catch up confidently and calmly.

Understanding why some kids fall behind in elementary school

It can be concerning when a once-eager learner starts to resist school or brings home disappointing progress reports. Understanding why some kids fall behind in elementary school is the first step to helping them. The reasons can be as individual as each child, but some common themes emerge across classrooms and families.

Experts in child development note that children in K-5 are still building the foundational skills required for academic success. When any part of that foundation is weak, it can affect future learning. For example, if a child struggles with phonics in Grade 1, reading comprehension in Grade 3 may become frustrating. Similarly, if a student lacks focus or has trouble following directions, they may fall behind in math even if they understand the concepts.

Many teachers and parents report that students start to fall behind due to a mismatch between their learning style and classroom expectations. Some kids need more movement, more time, or different types of instruction to succeed. Others may be coping with emotional stress, anxiety about school, or undiagnosed learning differences.

Common reasons children struggle in elementary school

• Attention and focus challenges: Difficulty sitting still, listening for long stretches, or staying on task can prevent students from fully absorbing lessons. These issues may be related to ADHD or simply typical developmental differences.
• Reading difficulties: Learning to read is a process, and some children need more time or phonics support than others. Reading struggles often affect performance in all subjects.
• Math confusion: Math builds on itself. Missing one concept, like place value or multiplication, can leave a child confused as the class moves forward.
• Executive function skills: Organizing materials, remembering instructions, and managing time are learned skills. Without support, kids may lose papers, forget homework, or feel overwhelmed.
• Emotional or social stress: Anxiety about friendships, fear of failure, or low self-esteem can reduce motivation and energy for learning.

Why catching up early matters

Elementary school is a critical time to address academic gaps. Children who fall behind early may become discouraged or develop negative beliefs about their abilities. These beliefs can lead to avoidance behaviors, like pretending to be sick or refusing to complete homework. The earlier parents and teachers intervene, the easier it is to restore confidence and build skills.

How parents can help at home

Even small, consistent efforts at home can make a big difference in helping struggling elementary students. Here are a few steps you can take:

• Check in daily: A simple question like “What was the hardest part of your day?” can open conversations about academic stress.
• Break down homework: Help your child tackle assignments in small steps. Use timers and praise to encourage focus.
• Create a calm study space: A quiet, organized area signals that learning is important and valued.
• Read together: Reading aloud, even for older elementary students, builds vocabulary and fluency in a low-pressure way.
• Celebrate effort: Focus on progress, not perfection. Notice when your child tries something new or persists through frustration.

For additional strategies on supporting learning at home, visit our skills resources.

Elementary school and falling behind: What should I watch for?

Parents are often the first to notice when something feels off. Some signs your child might be falling behind include:

• Frequent complaints about school or stomachaches in the morning
• Delayed reading or writing skills compared to peers
• Missing or incomplete homework and projects
• Strong emotional reactions to school tasks or tests
• Teacher notes about behavior, attention, or academic performance

Trust your instincts. If you feel your child is not thriving, talk with their teacher or school support team. Request a meeting to share your observations and ask what support is available.

Partnering with teachers to support progress

Teachers are valuable allies in understanding why some kids fall behind in elementary school. Reach out early and regularly. Ask what your child is doing well and where they need help. Together, you can create a plan that includes home routines and classroom strategies.

Some children may benefit from additional assessments or services. If a learning difference or attention issue is suspected, the school may initiate an evaluation. Early identification can lead to helpful accommodations or an Individualized Education Program (IEP).

Helping struggling elementary students regain confidence

Confidence often takes a hit when a child struggles in school. One of the most powerful things parents can do is remind their child that everyone learns differently and that needing help is normal. Share stories of times you faced setbacks and overcame them. Encourage your child to keep trying, even when things feel hard.

Consider building habits that support emotional resilience. Praise persistence, teach positive self-talk, and validate feelings. These social-emotional skills are just as important as academics and can help children bounce back from setbacks.

Definitions

Executive function: A set of mental skills that help with planning, focus, remembering instructions, and juggling multiple tasks successfully.

IEP (Individualized Education Program): A legal document developed for public school students who qualify for special education, outlining specific goals and support services.

Tutoring Support

At K12 Tutoring, we understand how discouraging it can feel when your child is not keeping up in school. Our personalized tutoring programs are designed to meet your child where they are and build up their confidence, skills, and love of learning. We work with families and schools to create a supportive path forward for every learner.

Related Resources

• Supporting a Child Falling Behind in School – Kaleido.ca
• Navigating middle school is tough: How parents can help – Harvard Health Publishing
• My Child Is Struggling in School. How Can I Help? – KidsHealth.org

Trust & Transparency Statement

Last reviewed: November 2025
This article was prepared by the K12 Tutoring education team, dedicated to helping students succeed with personalized learning support and expert guidance. K12 Tutoring content is reviewed periodically by education specialists to reflect current best practices and family feedback. Have ideas or success stories to share? Email us at [email protected].